=== References ===

== Cases ==
  * Hale v. State, [[https://www.ndcourts.gov/supreme-court/opinion/2012 ND 148|2012 ND 148]]
  * City of Jamestown v. Leevers Supermarkets, [[https://www.ndcourts.gov/supreme-court/opinion/552NW2d365|552 N.W.2d 365]]  (N.D. 1996)
  * Grand Forks-Traill Water Users v. Hjelle, [[https://www.ndcourts.gov/supreme-court/opinion/413NW2d344|413 N.W.2d 344]] (N.D. 1987)
  * Donaldson v. Bismarck, [[https://links.casemakerlegal.com/docid/1701795?bookname=public_url&ci=95|3 N.W.2d 808]] ("This guarantee is broader than the guarantee of the Fifth Amendment ... the owner is as much protected against his property being damaged as against his property being taken.")
  * Martin v. Tyler, [[https://links.casemakerlegal.com/docid/3774040?bookname=public_url&ci=95|4 N.D. 278]] (1894) ("Section 14 of the constitution of North Dakota was copied literally from section 14, art. 1, of the constitution of California adopted in 1879.")

== Prior Versions ==
  * [[https://www.ndconst.org/doku.php?id=arti:sec16&rev=1546970210|1889]]
  * [[https://www.ndconst.org/doku.php?id=arti:sec16&rev=1546970250|1956]]
  * [[https://www.ndconst.org/doku.php?id=arti:sec16&rev=1546970283|1982]]
  * [[https://www.ndconst.org/doku.php?id=arti:sec16&do=revisions|Compare text between versions]]

== Parallel provisions ==
  * [[https://constitutioncenter.org/interactive-constitution/amendments/amendment-v/fifth-amendment-takings-clause-richard-a-epstein-and-eduardo-penalver/clause/4|U.S. Const. amend. V]] ("nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation")
  * Original source for 1889 provision was Constitutions of Montana (and others)

== Convention references ==
  * Debates {{:conv:1889_proceedings_and_debates_of_the_constitutional_convention.pdf#page=386|386}}
  * Debates {{:conv:1889_proceedings_and_debates_of_the_constitutional_convention.pdf#page=600|600}}-02

== Scholarly Work ==
  * [[https://www.ndconst.org/_media/refs/1888_cooley_constitutional_limitations.pdf#page=731|Cooley, Constitutional Limitations ch. XV]]
  * Daniel S. Guy, Land Condemnation: A Comparative Survey of North Dakota Statutory Law, [[https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/nordak51&i=387| 51 N.D. L. Rev. 387]] (1974-1975)