1. State v. Rooney, 12 N.D. 144, 95 N.W. 513 (N.D. 1903)
2. State v. Pleason, 56 N.D. 499, 218 N.W. 154 (N.D. 1928)

U.S. Const. art. I, sec. 9, cl. 3. “No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.”

U.S. Const. art. I, sec. 10, cl. 1. “No State shall … pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts….”