Free exercise of religion. Text of the section: current and prior versions.

Every citing reference in the corpus: 11 court opinions and 4 Attorney General opinions. Counts include the section's pre-1981 designation (§ 4), era-gated by the renumbering crosswalk.

Generated from the citation graph of the validated corpus. Treatment groupings (construing / citing / recital) are heuristic reading aids, not editorial judgments — read the opinion before relying on any signal.

Topics are machine-generated groupings of the citing references — reading aids, not editorial judgments. Documents cited after the last classification pass appear in the lists below until the next pass.

• N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 2002-L-53 (2002)
• State ex rel. Heitkamp v. Family Life Serv, et al. (CON. W/SEE DOCKET MEMO), 2000 ND 166 (2000, Sandstrom, J.) · quotes the provision
  • ¶ 35: “…U.S. 1, 15, 67 S.Ct. 504, 511, 91 L.Ed. 711 (1947). The Establishment Clause was intended to erect "a wall of separation between church and State." *Reynolds v. United States,* 98 U.S. (8 Otto) 145, 164, 25 L.Ed. 244 (1878). Similarly, N.D. Const. Art. I, § 3, provides, in part: "[t]he free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or preference shall be forever guaranteed in this state.... " This provision affords protections similar…”
• State of North Dakota v. Leonard Wayne Burckhard, 1998 ND 121 (1998, Sandstrom, J.) · quotes the provision
  • ¶ 1: “…khard. We hold the court's exercise of jurisdiction over prosecution of theft charges against Burckhard does not require excessive government entanglement in religious affairs in violation of the First Amendment of the United States Constitution or Article I, Section 3, of the North Dakota Constitution. We, therefore, reverse and remand for a trial on the merits. I…”
• State ex rel. Heitkamp v. Family Life Services, Inc., 1997 ND 37 (1997, Meschke, J.)
• N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 81-3 (1981)

• State v. Patzer, 1986 ND 36 (1986, Levine, J.)
• State v. Shaver, 1980 ND 88 (1980, Erickstad, J.)
• Grace Lutheran Church v. North Dakota Employment Security Bureau, 1980 ND 86 (1980, Pederson, J.)
• City of Bismarck v. Materi, 1970 ND 35 (1970, Erickstad, J.)
• State ex rel. Temple v. Barnes, 1911 ND 72 (1911, Spalding, J.) · quotes the provision
  • “…f's return, containing commitment and judgment, discloses that the fine was $50 each, and that no tender was made other than $50 to release both defendant petitioners. Held, that the return of the sheriff was a complete answer to the petition on that point. Section 4 of the Constitution of this state provides that "the free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or preference, shall be forever guaranteed in this state, and no person shall…”

• Martian v. Martian, 1983 ND 2 (1983, Pederson, J.) · quotes the provision
  • “…aw respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof ...”2 2 The First Amendment is made applicable to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment. See State v. Rivinius, 328 N.W.2d 220 (N.D.1982). and contrary to Article I, Section 3 of the North Dakota Constitution which provides: “The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or preference shall be forever guaranteed in this state ....” Although this…”
• State v. Olmstead, 1978 ND 1 (1978, Pederson, J.) · quotes the provision
  • “…Robert O. Wefald, who argues the following issues: I. Whether the religious bias of the trial judge denied the defendant-appellant the constitutional rights guaranteed him under the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution of the United States and Section 4 of the Constitution of the State of North Dakota. II. Whether it was proper to consider testimony from a polygraph examination in spite of a claim of the lawyer-client privilege. III. Whether in light of all the evidenc…”

• N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 88-26 (1988)
• N.D. Att'y Gen.: N.D. Op. Att'y Gen. 69-112 (1969)
• Lavell v. Bullock, 1919 ND 175 (1919, Robinson, J.)

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