North Dakota Constitution

• Convention
  • Quill Project on 1889 Convention
  • Journal of the Constitutional Convention of 1889
  • Proceedings and Debates of the Constitutional Convention of 1889
  • The original draft constitution from the State Historical Society Digital Horizons collection
• Dakota Territory
  • 1877 Territorial Code
• All Amendments by date
• Publicity Pamphlets for amendments 1920-1964
• Constitution as in effect on a particular date
• Constitution of North Dakota (11-02-1889)
• 1972 Convention Debates
• Selected Legislative Manuals and Blue Books
  • 1883 Territorial Code
  • 1887 Compiled Laws of Dakota Territory
  • 1890 Legislative Manual and Constitution
  • 1895 Revised Code of North Dakota
  • 1897 Constitution (1897 Session Laws)
  • 1901 Constitution
  • 1907 Legislative Manual
  • 1913 Compiled Laws of North Dakota
  • 1913 Compiled Laws of North Dakota vol 2
  • 1914 Constitution
  • 1919 Legislative Manual
  • 1954 Blue Book
  • 1961 Blue Book
  • 1973 Blue Book
  • 1981 Blue Book

• Thomas M. Cooley, Treatise on Constitutional Limitations (5th ed. 1883) [Note:Cooley remarks to convention]
• Thomas M. Cooley, Treatise on Constitutional Limitations (2nd ed. 1871)
• Thomas M. Cooley, Treatise on Constitutional Limitations (6th ed. 1890)
• Thomas M. Cooley, Treatise on Constitutional Limitations (7th ed. 1903)
• Thomas M. Cooley, General Principles of Constitutional Law (1880)
• Anderson, A Dictionary of Law (1889)
• Bouvier, A Law Dictionary (1883) vol 1, vol 2
• Burrill, A Law Dictionary (1867) vol 1, vol 2
• Webster, A Dictionary of the English Language (1881)
• Webster's International Dictionary of the English Language (unabridged 1898)
• Webster's Complete Dictionary of the English Language (unabridged 1886)
• Black's Law Dictionary (1891)
• Black, Handbook of American Constitutional Law (1895)
• Lewis Sutherland, Statutory Construction (1891)
• Criminal Law and Procedure Treatises
  • Joel Prentiss Bishop, Commentaries on the Law of Criminal Procedure (2d ed. 1872) (vol 1) (vol 2)
  • Joel Prentiss Bishop, Commentaries on the Criminal Law (7th ed. 1882) (vol 1) (vol 2)
  • Joel Prentiss Bishop, Prosecution and Defense, Practical Directions and Forms (1885)
  • Samuel Maxwell, A Practical Treatise on Criminal Procedure (1887)
  • Francis Wharton, A Treatise on Criminal Pleading and Practice (8th ed. 1880)
  • Francis Wharton, A Treatise on Criminal Pleading and Practice (9th ed. 1889)
  • Francis Wharton, A Treatise on Criminal Law (8th ed. 1880) (vol 1) (vol 2)
  • Francis Wharton, A Treatise on Criminal Law (9th ed. 1885) (vol 2)
  • Francis Wharton, A Treatise on Criminal Law (10th ed. 1896) (vol 1) (vol 2)
• Tort Law
  • Thomas M. Cooley, A Treatise on the Law of Torts or the Wrongs Which Arise Independent of Contract (1879)
  • Thomas M. Cooley, A Treatise on the Law of Torts or the Wrongs Which Arise Independent of Contract (2d ed. 1888)

• Woods, Civil Government for North Dakota (1897)
• Boyle, The Government of North Dakota (1910)
• North Dakota Studies materials

• State Archives Newspaper archives
• The Library of Congress archive includes archived newspaper coverage of the debates and adoption of the Constitution and later amendments.
• Advantage Archives of historical newspapers
• selected North Dakota newspapers published during the Constitutional Convention

• Jerod Tufte, The North Dakota Constitution: An Original Approach Since 1889, 95 N.D. L. Rev. 417.
• James Leahy, The North Dakota State Constitution (2011)
• An Introduction to North Dakota Constitutional Law: Content and Methods of Interpretation, 63 N.D. L. Rev. 157 (1987).
• Summary of significant decisions rendered by North Dakota Supreme Court in 1988 relating to state constitutional law, 64 N.D. L. Rev. 226 (1988).
• Sources of the 1889 North Dakota Constitution, 65 N.D. L. Rev. 331 (1989).
• Digging for Roots: The North Dakota Constitution and the Thayer Correspondence, 65 N.D. L. Rev. 343 (1989).
• Nicholas S. Samuelson, Digging for Roots in All the Wrong Places: Rethinking the Use of Secret Drafting Documents in Interpreting the North Dakota Constitution, 95 N.D. L. Rev. 495 (2020).
• The Thayer Correspondence Introductory Note, 65 N.D. L. Rev. 383 (1989).
• Model Constitution (Peddrick Draft #2, 1889) Introductory Note, 65 N.D. L. Rev. 415 (1989).
• The Constitution Is What the Judges Say It Is, 65 N.D. L. Rev. 491 (1989).
• Vance K. Hill, The North Dakota Constitution: The Executive Branch, 48 N.D. L. Rev. 291
• Elwyn B. Robinson, History of North Dakota (2017).
• Ryland Melville Black, History of the State Constitutional Convention of 1889 (1910). (PDF copy)

• Jeffrey S. Sutton, 51 Imperfect Solutions (2018)
• William J. Jr. Brennan, State Constitutions and the Protection of Individual Rights, 90 Harv. L. Rev. 489, 504 (1977)
• Carpenter, Leonore and Margolis, Ellie, One Sequin at a Time: Lessons on State Constitutions and Incremental Change from the Campaign for Marriage Equality. 75 N.Y.U. Ann. Surv. Am. L. 255 (2020). Available at SSRN
• Justin Long, Intermittent State Constitutionalism
• Kahn, Interpretation and Authority in State Constitutionalism
• Christiansen, Originalism: The Primary Canon of State Constitutional Interpretation, 15 Geo. J.L. & Pub. Pol'y 341 (2017)
• Spitzer, New Life for the Criteria Tests in State Constitutional Jurisprudence

• State Constitution Tool
• Franklin Benjamin Hough, American Constitutions (1871)
• Benjamin Perley Poore, Federal and State Constitutions, Colonial Charters, and Other Organic Laws of the United States (1877)

• National Constitution Center Interactive Constitution
• Library of Congress Constitution Annotated
• Heritage Guide to the Constitution
• ConSource: The Constitutional Sources Project
• Index into N.D. Const. by U.S. Constitutional Provision

Other statehood-era sources can be located at Google Books, the Internet Archive collection of ebooks and texts at https://archive.org/details/texts, HathiTrust Digital Library, and HeinOnline's State Constitutions Illustrated collection.